Guides
Longer pieces on the questions the tools cannot answer on their own — which format, which setting, and what the trade-off actually is.
How to shrink a PDF for email
Attachment limits, what actually makes a PDF large, and which compression method to use for scans, text documents and image-heavy reports.
JPG, PNG, WEBP, AVIF and SVG: which to use
A practical comparison of the five image formats that matter on the web — what each is good at, what it costs in file size, and which one to pick for photos, logos, screenshots and icons.
What your photos reveal about you
Every photo from a phone carries hidden EXIF metadata — often including the exact GPS coordinates and timestamp. Here is what is in there, who can read it, and how to remove it.
Browser tools vs upload tools: what actually happens to your file
Most online tools send your file to a server. Some do the work on your own device. The difference decides who can read your document — and it is visible from the outside if you know what to look for.
Image sizes that actually matter
The pixel dimensions worth knowing for the web, social platforms and print — plus why "300 DPI" means nothing without a physical size.
How to make AI writing sound human
The specific tells that make generated text obvious — em dashes, a fixed vocabulary, sentences that are all the same length — and what to do about each one.
Compress an image without wrecking it
What JPEG quality settings actually do, why resizing beats compressing, and the order of operations that gets a photo under a size limit while still looking right.
What actually happens when you upload a file to an online tool
A step-by-step account of where your document goes on a typical file-conversion site, how long it stays, who can reach it, and how to check before you upload anything.
What actually drives an LLM API bill
Tokens are not words, output costs several times more than input, and caching changes the arithmetic entirely. The three things that decide what you pay.
Scanned PDF or text PDF? How to tell, and why it matters
Two files that look identical can behave completely differently. How to tell which you have in three seconds, and what each one can and cannot do.